![]() ![]() When an earthquake occurs, its intensity is variable over the area affected by the earthquake, with high intensities near the epicenter and lower values further away. When an earthquake occurs, its magnitude can be given a single numerical value on the Richter Scale. The intensity scales are based on three features of shaking – perception by people and animals, performance of buildings, and changes to natural surroundings. The scale is obtained from the seismograms and accounts for the dependence of waveform amplitude on epicentral distance Both scales are quite similar and range from I (least perceptive) to XII (most severe). ![]() Two commonly used ones are the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) Scale and the MSK Scale. Table 3 presents classification of earthquake based on their magnitude along with its global occurrence. These numerical magnitude scales have no upper and lower limits the magnitude of a very small earthquake can be zero or even negative. There are other magnitude scales, like the moment magnitude, Body Wave Magnitude, Surface Wave Magnitude, and Wave Energy Magnitude. The Richter Scale (called Local Magnitude scale) is used to measure the magnitude. Intensity is assigned as Roman Capital Numerals. Normal numbers are used to determine the magnitude of earthquake. It is a qualitative measure of the actual shaking at a location during an earthquake. It is a quantitative measure of the actual size of the earthquake. Table-1: Difference Between Magnitude and Intensity of Earthquake Magnitude of earthquake The correlation between intensity and magnitude of earthquake are provided in Table 4. ![]() Table 1 presents the difference between magnitude and intensity of earthquake. The magnitude of earthquake is determined from measurements on seismographs, whereas the intensity is determined from effects on people, human structures, and the natural environment. However, the latter measures the strength of shaking generated by the earthquake at a certain location. The former measures the energy released at the source of the earthquake. Magnitude and intensity measure various characteristics of earthquake. ![]()
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